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1993issue C041-14

Intraday candlestick confirmation with oscillators

A 22-minute chart of the March 1993 S&P 500 contract on 28 December 1992 records an engulfing-pattern sell, a later harami buy, and same-interval oscillator readings. Each reversal in the record is paired with a later confirmation-candle.

  • Candlestick bars encode the open-close relationship with the period high and low, and the same pattern language was applied on an intraday time-price-ratio.
  • A white hangman engulfed by a larger black candle was recorded as a sell, then ratified by a later black confirmation-candle before three-crows continuation.
  • The session buy was a bullish harami later ratified by a white belt-hold, with a stochastic-cross and a rising relative-strength-index recorded at confirmation.
  • The case distinguished a same-session long exit from a multi-day stop tightened near a later short black candle's low.
Entries in this reading3 entries

The same language on a shorter clock

Candlestick bars encode the open-close relationship together with the period high and low. The candlestick-body is that open-to-close range, read against the high and low to show which side controlled the interval. The same pattern language can be applied from weekly charts down to intraday segments.

On the same session, a five-minute bar interval can display and confirm a reversal before a twenty-minute interval. Several time-price-ratio choices were examined before isolating a working scale. The worked example used 22-minute candlestick bars on the March 1993 S&P 500 contract for 28 December 1992, with Pacific Standard Time stamps on the session charts.

The engulfing-pattern sell

A white hangman engulfed by a larger black candle was recorded as a bearish engulfing-pattern sell signal at 7:52 a.m. Pacific time. An engulfing-pattern is a larger opposite-color candle that completely covers the prior body and starts a directional hypothesis. A later black closing-bozu that made a new low at 8:14 a.m. was treated as the confirmation-candle.

Three consecutive declining black candles, identified as three-crows, were treated as bearish continuation after the engulfing sequence. At 8:58 a.m. Pacific time a wider black candle made a new session low and extended the engulfing sequence to five candles. By then the contract had fallen more than 140 points from the engulfing signal.

The session buy and the oscillator check

A thrusting-pattern candle that did not make a new low interrupted the prior engulfing continuation. A bullish harami at 10:26 a.m. Pacific time, later confirmed at 11:17 a.m. by a white belt-hold candle, was recorded as the session buy signal. A harami is a smaller candle contained inside the prior bar, treated as the inverse of an engulfing-pattern and analogous to an inside day. A belt-hold opens at one extreme of the interval and then travels in one direction through the rest of the bar.

At the harami, stochastic percent-K was 17 and percent-D was 19 with the relative-strength-index at 17. Confirmation coincided with a stochastic-cross, as percent-K crossed above percent-D, while the relative-strength-index was 22. The stochastic-cross is used here only to confirm a candlestick hypothesis. The relative-strength-index is a bounded oscillator reading recorded beside the candlestick sequence to classify the session as stretched or recovering.

Continuation and a later harami

After that confirmation, a white candle making a higher high and a higher low, then an inverted hammer with a higher close and a higher low, were treated as bullish continuation used to evaluate a trailing stop. A later bearish harami after a doji and a long white candle was recorded as a potential reversal that reaffirmed a prior resistance area. The case distinguished a same-session long exit from a multi-day stop tightened near the short black candle's low.

How the checklist is being read

Editorial reading: TradersWeek treats the oscillators as a same-interval check, not as a separate timing system. The archive records the readings beside the candles. It does not ask whether the stochastic-cross or the relative-strength-index would have selected the same bars on their own.

Educational research material, not investment advice. Historical source context does not establish present-day performance.
6 of 54 in the Candlestick patterns track
19931-4 pp.Next on Candlestick patternsCandlestick hypotheses from a 1993 reading listIn 1993 a reader asked for a compiled listing of published candlestick work, and the listing included pieces dated 1990, 1991, 1992, and 1993.
All readings on this track · 54 readings
  1. 1990Constructing three-session rally and reaction volume signals
  2. 1991Constructing candlestick real bodies and multi-session patterns
  3. 1991Treat a candlestick reversal as incomplete until %D confirms it
  4. 1991Filtering candlestick signals with stochastic percent-D
  5. 1991Constructing compressed candlestick summaries
  6. 1993Intraday candlestick confirmation with oscillators
  7. 1993Candlestick hypotheses from a 1993 reading list
  8. 1994License candlestick signals with oscillators and weekly vetoes
  9. 1995Real-body support, resistance, and close-through breakouts
  10. 1997Weekly reversal as a three-part hypothesis
  11. 1998Turning fear levels into testable rules with a psychological matrix
  12. 2000Evaluating three-bar reversal reliability
  13. 2000Prior-day candles, open confirmation, and same-session stops
  14. 2000Intraday candlestick volume confirmation for daytrading
  15. 2001Count the key reversal up before coding a mechanical exit
  16. 2001Rising and falling three continuation candle construction
  17. 2002Treat a moving average as a contested fence
  18. 2003Candlestick signals need support and a risk-reward screen
  19. 2003Constructing one-day reversal tops and bottoms
  20. 2003Chart sentiment as a regime filter for hourly stochastic entries
  21. 2004Confirming index reversals with candlesticks, stochastics and averages
  22. 2004The harami inner close as a reversal barometer
  23. 2004Constructing a true-range volume power-shift filter
  24. 2005Weighing reversal clusters against moving-average support
  25. 2005Candlestick exits confirmed by overbought stochastics
  26. 2005Confirming piercing patterns with stochastics and moving averages
  27. 2006Candlestick cluster exits confirmed by overbought stochastics
  28. 2007Three black crows become a trade hypothesis only after regime, trend and nearby levels
  29. 2008Asymmetrical RSI lookbacks for divergence and candle confirmation
  30. 2008A permission checklist for the end of a trend
  31. 2010Mechanical entries still need confirmation gates
  32. 2010Crude oil as a case study in candlestick session reading
  33. 2010Gold weekly candles and the thousand resistance breakout
  34. 2010A three-layer gold chart drill from waves to candle confirmation
  35. 2011Why entry scans fail without trend filters
  36. 2011Price-zone oscillator trend-regime rules
  37. 2011A candlestick checklist before commodity entries
  38. 2013Step candle construction at price turning points
  39. 2013Two-bar step-candle construction
  40. 2014Small-range bars as a timed volume-climax hypothesis
  41. 2014Constructing volume-scaled candlestick charts
  42. 2015Weekly range midpoints as support and resistance
  43. 2015Constructing weekly body-midpoint pattern codes
  44. 2015Evaluating encoded candlestick sequence hypotheses
  45. 2015Constructing a breakout relative-strength index from two-day range candles
  46. 2016A three-gate classroom on hourly sterling
  47. 2016Fibonacci retracement as a pre-commitment stop map
  48. 2017Nine-zone filter for decade-level breakouts
  49. 2017Constructing pin-bar and inside-bar setups
  50. 2017Two-bar soldier and crow rules become a system only after filters and exits
  51. 2017Confirm a one-white-soldier or one-black-crow before entry
  52. 2018Session control from marubozu and engulfing geometry
  53. 2019Volume, acceleration, and candle filters on a completed double bottom
  54. 2019Sector-filtered candlestick scans and predrawn stops
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