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1991issue C081-3

Treat a candlestick reversal as incomplete until %D confirms it

A named candlestick marks a testable reversal or indecision condition, not a finished call. The illustrated workflow waits for the same bar to carry an overbought or oversold %D reading and, when price and %D split, uses that divergence to strengthen the reading.

  • Treat a named candlestick as an incomplete reversal hypothesis until the same session also shows a %D extreme.
  • Readings below 20 supply oversold context for hammers, meeting lines, and harami variants. Readings above 80 supply overbought context for meeting lines and shooting stars.
  • A hanging man shares the hammer shape but is read at the end of an uptrend as leftover long exposure after a rally.
  • When a harami arrives with %D below 20 and a split between %D and price, that split is used to strengthen the reversal reading.
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Read the candle as an incomplete hypothesis

Named candlestick patterns are multi-bar price shapes built from open, high, low, and close. They mark a testable reversal or indecision condition. In the illustrated workflow, that condition is not treated as complete on the candle alone.

The archive charts pair each named candle with the stochastic %D line. Editorial reading: treat the candle as an incomplete reversal hypothesis until the same bar also carries a %D extreme and, when a split is present, divergence between price direction and %D.

Meeting lines with a %D extreme

Meeting lines are a session that opens with a gap and closes unchanged. They are read as either unclear market direction or the end of a trend.

A meeting-lines session that coincides with a %D reading above 80 is treated as a potential reversal warning. The same meeting-lines shape also appears with %D below 20 in the illustrated sequences, where that low reading is used as oversold reversal context.

Hammer, hanging man, and shooting star

A hammer is a compact real body with a long lower shadow and little or no upper shadow. It is read as an attempt to form a base. In the illustrated sequences, hammers are paired with %D below 20 as oversold reversal context.

A hanging man has the same candle shape as a hammer, but it is interpreted at the end of an uptrend as leftover long exposure after a rally.

A shooting star has a compact body near the lows, a short lower shadow, and a long upper shadow. It is treated as bearish inside an uptrend, especially when %D is above 80.

Harami with a low %D and a price split

A harami is a two-session pattern whose later real body is smaller and contained inside a larger prior real body. A harami cross is a harami whose open and close are the same price.

One illustrated reversal is attributed to a harami appearing together with a %D reading below 20 and a split between %D and price. Editorial reading: that split is divergence. It is used to strengthen the candle-plus-oscillator reversal reading, not to replace the candle.

How the illustrated sequences pair %D

Across the illustrated sequences, %D below 20 is paired with hammers, meeting lines, and harami variants as oversold reversal context. %D above 80 is paired with meeting lines and shooting stars as overbought reversal context.

%D is the stochastic line used for those extremes. Editorial reading: the oscillator supplies overbought or oversold context for the candle hypothesis. It does not turn every named shape into a finished reversal on its own.

The doji star waits for the next session

A doji star is a doji that gaps away from a long candle. It is treated as a reversal only after the following session confirms.

Editorial reading: that next-session check is another reason not to treat a named candle as a finished reversal on the bar that first prints the shape.

Educational research material, not investment advice. Historical source context does not establish present-day performance.
3 of 54 in the Candlestick patterns track
19911-9 pp.Next on Candlestick patternsFiltering candlestick signals with stochastic percent-DMost candle patterns cannot be named until the immediately preceding short-term trend is identified, and that trend is treated as more likely to persist than reverse.
All readings on this track · 54 readings
  1. 1990Constructing three-session rally and reaction volume signals
  2. 1991Constructing candlestick real bodies and multi-session patterns
  3. 1991Treat a candlestick reversal as incomplete until %D confirms it
  4. 1991Filtering candlestick signals with stochastic percent-D
  5. 1991Constructing compressed candlestick summaries
  6. 1993Intraday candlestick confirmation with oscillators
  7. 1993Candlestick hypotheses from a 1993 reading list
  8. 1994License candlestick signals with oscillators and weekly vetoes
  9. 1995Real-body support, resistance, and close-through breakouts
  10. 1997Weekly reversal as a three-part hypothesis
  11. 1998Turning fear levels into testable rules with a psychological matrix
  12. 2000Evaluating three-bar reversal reliability
  13. 2000Prior-day candles, open confirmation, and same-session stops
  14. 2000Intraday candlestick volume confirmation for daytrading
  15. 2001Count the key reversal up before coding a mechanical exit
  16. 2001Rising and falling three continuation candle construction
  17. 2002Treat a moving average as a contested fence
  18. 2003Candlestick signals need support and a risk-reward screen
  19. 2003Constructing one-day reversal tops and bottoms
  20. 2003Chart sentiment as a regime filter for hourly stochastic entries
  21. 2004Confirming index reversals with candlesticks, stochastics and averages
  22. 2004The harami inner close as a reversal barometer
  23. 2004Constructing a true-range volume power-shift filter
  24. 2005Weighing reversal clusters against moving-average support
  25. 2005Candlestick exits confirmed by overbought stochastics
  26. 2005Confirming piercing patterns with stochastics and moving averages
  27. 2006Candlestick cluster exits confirmed by overbought stochastics
  28. 2007Three black crows become a trade hypothesis only after regime, trend and nearby levels
  29. 2008Asymmetrical RSI lookbacks for divergence and candle confirmation
  30. 2008A permission checklist for the end of a trend
  31. 2010Mechanical entries still need confirmation gates
  32. 2010Crude oil as a case study in candlestick session reading
  33. 2010Gold weekly candles and the thousand resistance breakout
  34. 2010A three-layer gold chart drill from waves to candle confirmation
  35. 2011Why entry scans fail without trend filters
  36. 2011Price-zone oscillator trend-regime rules
  37. 2011A candlestick checklist before commodity entries
  38. 2013Step candle construction at price turning points
  39. 2013Two-bar step-candle construction
  40. 2014Small-range bars as a timed volume-climax hypothesis
  41. 2014Constructing volume-scaled candlestick charts
  42. 2015Weekly range midpoints as support and resistance
  43. 2015Constructing weekly body-midpoint pattern codes
  44. 2015Evaluating encoded candlestick sequence hypotheses
  45. 2015Constructing a breakout relative-strength index from two-day range candles
  46. 2016A three-gate classroom on hourly sterling
  47. 2016Fibonacci retracement as a pre-commitment stop map
  48. 2017Nine-zone filter for decade-level breakouts
  49. 2017Constructing pin-bar and inside-bar setups
  50. 2017Two-bar soldier and crow rules become a system only after filters and exits
  51. 2017Confirm a one-white-soldier or one-black-crow before entry
  52. 2018Session control from marubozu and engulfing geometry
  53. 2019Volume, acceleration, and candle filters on a completed double bottom
  54. 2019Sector-filtered candlestick scans and predrawn stops
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