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1991issue C121-6

Growth-adjusted earnings years as construction filters

Convert an unadjusted earnings multiple into a growth-adjusted expected-value filter that bounds how many rising earnings years a name is asking the book to fund, then read that single count against same-industry peers and the market multiple’s pessimistic and confident bounds.

  • An unadjusted earnings multiple is current price divided by yearly earnings and is read as the years of unchanged earnings needed to equal the present price.
  • Treat yearly earnings as the annuity payment, the assumed growth rate as the compounding rate, and price as the annuity value so the expected-value filter reports the years of growing earnings needed to equal that price.
  • The lowest growth-adjusted multiple on a same-industry list need not belong to the name with the lowest unadjusted multiple, because a higher growth rate can more than offset a higher current multiple.
  • Place that one earnings-year count against sector peers and against the market multiple’s pessimistic and confident bounds instead of sizing the name in isolation.
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Bound the earnings years before the name enters the book

An unadjusted earnings multiple is current price divided by yearly earnings. The archive interprets that figure as the number of years of current earnings needed to equal the present price.

Editorial teaching treats that raw count as a starting input, not as a finished construction decision. Convert it into a growth-adjusted multiple by applying an assumed earnings growth rate, then use the resulting earnings-year count as an expected-value filter so a comparison or exposure decision is bounded before the name is added.

A worked price and earnings example

In a worked example, a price of 48-5/8 against yearly earnings of 8.22 produced an unadjusted multiple of 5.9, or nearly six years of flat earnings.

When that same example assumed 9.5 percent yearly earnings growth, the current price was described as equal to only five years of earnings rather than six. Treating growing earnings as an ordinary annuity converted that unadjusted multiple of 5.90 into a growth-adjusted figure of 4.91 at a 9.5 percent growth rate.

Read the unadjusted multiple as an annuity factor

The growth-adjusted multiple is obtained by treating annual earnings as the annuity payment, the earnings growth rate as the compounding rate, and price as the annuity value. The unadjusted multiple is the ordinary-annuity factor for one dollar.

Solving the ordinary-annuity accumulation identity for the number of periods yields the years of growing earnings needed to equal the present price. Editorial use treats that annuity-period count as the expected-value filter: it states how many growing earnings periods the present price is asking the book to fund.

A peer list can reverse the ranking

For a same-industry stock list, growth-adjusted multiples ranged from 7.9 to 10.4 while unadjusted multiples ranged from 15.0 to 61.0.

In that comparison, the lowest growth-adjusted multiple did not belong to the name with the lowest unadjusted multiple, because a higher growth rate more than offset a higher current multiple. Editorial reading: a book that ranks on the unadjusted figure alone can admit a different name than a growth-adjusted expected-value filter would admit.

Place one count against peers and market-multiple bounds

A broad-market earnings multiple was described as remaining near 7 in pessimistic conditions and near 17 in confident conditions, with those extremes treated as historical turning points.

A fundamental overlay, on a weeks-to-months horizon, places one name’s growth-adjusted earnings-year count against same-industry peers and against those market-multiple bounds. Editorial use of that overlay is to keep a single figure from being sized in isolation, so the name sits inside a diversified or regime-aware book rather than standing alone.

Educational research material, not investment advice. Historical source context does not establish present-day performance.
3 of 21 in the Fundamental overlay track
19921-10 pp.Next on Fundamental overlayConstructing an index nominal from smoothed earnings and effective ratesIndex level is built as earnings over an effective-interest-rate, not as a standalone price-to-earnings multiple.
All readings on this track · 21 readings
  1. 1991Growth earnings and price-to-earnings as a market-regime overlay
  2. 1991Earnings-price reliability as a first gate for growth-sleeve construction
  3. 1991Growth-adjusted earnings years as construction filters
  4. 1992Constructing an index nominal from smoothed earnings and effective rates
  5. 1992Real bond yields as a deficit-share regime
  6. 1994Relative valuation as regime context for fund allocation
  7. 1995A flattening trendline as a critique of the fundamental overlay
  8. 1998An earnings-to-price mapping is unfinished until add, reduce, and stand-aside are rules
  9. 1999Regime-aware stock exposure when rates and market condition agree
  10. 2002Short-rate velocity regimes before tightening
  11. 2003A pre-trade checklist that requires rule and fundamental agreement
  12. 2004Evaluating P/E overlays with matched crossovers
  13. 2004Constructing a stock-versus-bond regime from earnings yields
  14. 2012Cash-rich relative strength as a pre-trade portfolio filter
  15. 2012Inactivity as a feature: a small-cap earnings overlay with a monthly average and weekly MACD
  16. 2015Evaluating a capitalization-to-output-ratio as a regime overlay
  17. 2016Risk-adjusted earnings yield as a portfolio overlay
  18. 2017Oil, yields, and implied volatility as a regime critique
  19. 2017When a one-year bull sits inside a secular bear
  20. 2018A critique of rules-only trading systems
  21. 2019When seasonal and policy regimes override crowd mood
All 33 readings tagged Fundamental overlay
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