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1991issue C061-4

Audit inverse-range oscillators before stacking stochastic %K and Williams %R

Both stochastic %K and Williams %R locate the current close inside a recent high-low range. With the same lookback-window they share one high-low span, invert the numerator, and produce matching charts, so stacking both for one task is redundant.

  • Both the stochastic oscillator %K and Williams %R are overbought-oversold oscillators that locate the current close inside a recent high-low range.
  • Stochastic %K and Williams %R share one high-low span and differ by inverse-numerator: close minus the lookback low versus the lookback high minus the close.
  • When the lookback-window length is the same, the constructions produce matching charts, so stacking both for one task is redundant.
  • A simple moving average can describe intermediate-to-long trend direction but is not built to warn of reversal, while an oscillator can flag fading momentum and remains a poor trend-direction tool.
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One close inside a recent high-low range

Both the stochastic oscillator %K and Williams %R are constructed as overbought-oversold oscillators that locate the current close inside a recent high-low range. The lookback-window is the fixed count of recent sessions from which the highest high and lowest low are taken.

The stochastic oscillator is a range oscillator whose unsmoothed %K line places the close between the lookback low and high and scales that ratio to a percentage. Williams %R is a range oscillator that places the close by its distance from the lookback high, using the same high-minus-low span as stochastic %K.

How the two constructions invert

Stochastic %K is built as the close minus the lowest low of the lookback-window, divided by that window's high-low span, then scaled by 100. Williams %R is built as the highest high minus the close, divided by the same high-low span used for stochastic %K, then scaled by 100.

The two ratios are algebraic inverses. Inverse-numerator is the construction choice of measuring close-minus-low versus high-minus-close on an otherwise identical ratio. Stochastic %K measures the close against the lookback low, while Williams %R measures the close against the lookback high.

Matching charts and a redundant stack

When the same lookback length is used, the two constructions produce matching charts, so stacking both for one task is redundant. The stochastic oscillator also has a %D line that is a three-day smooth of %K, and that smooth is not required to compare %K with Williams %R.

The illustrated comparison used a five-day lookback on a daily bond-futures bar chart, with only residual plotting differences attributed to computer rounding.

Trend direction and fading momentum

A simple moving average can describe intermediate-to-long trend direction but is not built to warn of reversal, whereas an oscillator can flag fading momentum while remaining a poor trend-direction tool.

Educational research material, not investment advice. Historical source context does not establish present-day performance.
2 of 13 in the Williams %R track
19911-6 pp.Next on Williams %RSigned midpoint range oscillator from stochastic and WilliamsA five-period stochastic oscillator locates the latest close above the lookback low and scales that distance across the lookback range onto a 0-100 reading.
All readings on this track · 13 readings
  1. 1987Constructing a volume-confirmed Williams %R
  2. 1991Audit inverse-range oscillators before stacking stochastic %K and Williams %R
  3. 1991Signed midpoint range oscillator from stochastic and Williams
  4. 1993Confirm an intradate candlestick only after a longer cycle reprints it
  5. 1994Building average directional index, the stochastic pair, and Williams percent R from highs, lows, and closes
  6. 1994Label the tape before you read stochastic or Williams %R
  7. 1996Calibrating Williams %R entries in rising channels
  8. 1997Dynamic zones for oscillator buy and sell levels
  9. 1998Regression channels anchored to Williams %R turning windows
  10. 1999Constructing isolated synthetic waveforms to watch indicator settling
  11. 2000Choosing a scale for moving-average oscillators
  12. 2004Splitting entry and exit speed by regime
  13. 2008Count the run, then confirm the pivot at a channel edge
All 13 readings tagged Williams %R
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